The kings of Kush publicly hailed a god called Amun. It was believed to be the source of their power, but really, the soldiers of Kush were the source of power. Without them, the kings wouldn't have been able to keep their position on the throne.
The Kushites had a monarchy government of kings and queens. They mostly relied on the soldiers, who were the main thing keeping them on the throne. They had a large area, with a small population, so they needed a good military force to keep them safe, seeing how hard it was to protect. The Kings/Queens appointed a viceroy, who was the chief advisor to the King/Queen, and sometimes the High Priest. It wasn't clear how the new kings and queens were appointed to the throne, some think it was by their good looks and height, or by a skill that they exceeded at.
The ancient Kushites had a tool called a haqia. It made it a lot easier to farm, and get water to the fields. It was a wheel, that when turned, moved pots on ropes into the river and out, full of water, then went the fields and watered them. The ancient Kushites also had a water clock, it was a stand with empty pots on the top and bottom of it. The pot at the top of it had a hole drilled in it, so that the water flowed to the pot at the bottom of the stand. You could tell the time by what level the water was at. The disadvantage was that you had to keep refilling it to tell the time.
Egyptian art was highly symbolic. Pictures usually symbolized a lot of different things. Men and women both wore makeup, it was made of ground-up pigments on a palette. Some times they put these mineral with the dead so that they could grind makeup in the afterlife.
The ancient Kushites wrote in Meroitic and egyptian. After they were conquered, they mostly wrote in Egyptian, but not every person did. Egyptians wrote with heiroglyphs, and there were over 700 symbols in the language.
The Kushites were a big gold mining country, they often traded with other countries for riches, food, and other things. This is a big faction of where they got food from, and they had crops on top of that.
Of course the Pharaoh was on top of the pyramid, he was believed to be a god, which made him even more powerful. Right under him was his second-in-command, the vizier. He was the chief adviser and sometimes, the high priest. Nobles were under the vizier. They made local laws in the region, and also kept order. Priests were next. They were supposed to keep the gods happy. Scribes were the only people who could read or write. They kept records of a lot of things. Soldiers were responsible for keeping the country safe, and were sometimes rewarded with land for their services. Craftsmen were right under the soldiers, they were skilled laborers like pottery makers, leatherworkers, sculptors, etc. Farmers were the lowest in the pyramid, they worked land in exchange for housing, food, etc.
Kush was for sure a civilizations. It had all the characteristics, a government, arts, religions, social structure, stable food supply, technology, and writing.